london underground line, with most stations

[23] The world's first underground railway, it opened in January 1863 between Paddington and Farringdon using gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. The words "London Transport" were added inside the ring, above and below the bar. [58] The Second World War suspended these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached Stanmore and the Northern line High Barnet and Mill Hill East in 1941. [206], In 2014, TfL became the first public transport provider in the world to accept payment from contactless bank cards. A notice was published on 28 February 2014 in the Official Journal of the European Union asking for expressions of interest in building the trains. [194] The tube map came second in a BBC and London Transport Museum poll asking for a favourite UK design icon of the 20th century[265] and the underground's 150th anniversary was celebrated by a Google Doodle on the search engine. LONDON UNDERGROUND LINES & STATIONS THE BAKERLOO LINE The Bakerloo Line was opened in 1906 and is fourteen and a half miles long. The Bakerloo line was extended north to Queen's Park to join a new electric line from Euston to Watford, but the First World War delayed construction and trains reached Watford Junction in 1917. Stopping services, which stop at every station on the route, may be described as "all-stations" services. Of the 32 London boroughs, six (Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Lewisham and Sutton) are not served by the Underground network, while Hackney has Old Street (on the Northern line Bank branch) and Manor House (on the Piccadilly line) only just inside its boundaries. [46] At the time, the term Underground was selected from three other proposed names; 'Tube' and 'Electric' were both officially rejected. London tram workers in 1930. [216][217] The nightly closures are used for maintenance,[216] but some lines stay open on New Year's Eve[218] and run for longer hours during major public events such as the 2012 London Olympics. [324][325] Major commissions by Art on the Underground in recent years have included Labyrinth by Turner prize winning artist Mark Wallinger to mark the 150th anniversary of the London Underground,[326] "Diamonds and Circles" permanent works "in situ" by French artist Daniel Buren at Tottenham Court Road[327] and "Beauty < Immortality, a memorial to Frank Pick by Langlands & Bell at Piccadilly Circus. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) All underground trains are required to comply with The Rail Vehicle Accessibility (Non Interoperable Rail System) Regulations 2010 (RVAR 2010) by 2020.[130]. [31], For the first deep-level tube line, the City and South London Railway, two 10feet 2inches (3.10m) diameter circular tunnels were dug between King William Street (close to today's Monument station) and Stockwell, under the roads to avoid the need for agreement with owners of property on the surface. 1 Piccadilly line - 71km. One infraco Metronet went into administration in 2007, and TfL took over the other Tube Lines in 2010. Which underground line has most stations? It has 50 stations, counting all branches, and is the busiest of all lines, with 294 million passenger journeys recorded in 2016/17. This resulted in a 40% increase in capacity between Seven Sisters and Walthamstow Central. ", "Transport accessibility Wheelchair access & avoiding stairs", "Debden Underground station becomes step-free", "Fares & payments Replacements & refunds Charter refunds", "London Underground: Millions not claiming Tube refund", "Apps that help you get money back on Delays", "Quarterly Health, Safety and Environment Performance Reports Quarter 3, 2012/13", "Quarterly Health, Safety and Environment Performance Reports Quarter 4, 2011/12", "Mock tube station gives London Underground staff real-life training", "Tube suicides rise 74% over last 10 years", "Effect of station design on death in the London Underground: observational study", "Fastest time to travel to all London Underground stations", "When Topology Trumped Topography: Celebrating 90 Years of Beck's Underground Map", "London underground's 150th birthday celebrated in Google doodle", "Google Doodle Marks 150 Years Of The London Underground", "Ten years of artists' tube map covers in pictures", "100 artists celebrate 100 years of Tube logo", "100 Years, 100 Artists, 100 Works of Art", "Tate gives Tube roundels at Southwark station a modern makeover", "Conserving Heritage Tiles on the London Underground: Challenges and Approaches", "London Underground's Edwardian Tile Patterns", "Underground Journeys: Charles Holden's designs for London Transport", "Big names call for rethink on Jubilee Line listing refusals", "London Transport Posters: Frank Pick's vision", "Daniel Buren completes installation at Tottenham Court Road tube station", "The Frank Pick Roundel At Piccadilly Circus", "Mapped: Fictional Stations On The London Underground", "This synaesthetic composer turned the tube map into music", "London Underground Calling: Buskers Audition To Play On The Tube", "From the physics of interacting polymers to optimizing routes on the London Underground", "Dadds, Hannah | Explore 20th Century London", "Too Close For Comfort: Passengers' experiences of the London Underground", London Underground history in a dynamic timeline map, Documents and clippings about London Underground, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London_Underground&oldid=1134022127, The line between Campbell Road junction (now closed), near. The trains have exceeded their design life of around 40 years and are in need of replacement. [289] Harry W. Ford was responsible for the design of at least 17 UERL and District Railway stations, including Barons Court and Embankment, and claimed to have first thought of enlarging the U and D in the UNDERGROUND wordmark. During air raids in 1915 people used the tube stations as shelters. [60] After work restarted on the Central line extensions in east and west London, these were completed in 1949. [82] The stations have subsequently been praised as exemplary pieces of 20th century architecture. The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. [238] When asked, passengers report overcrowding as the aspect of the network that they are least satisfied with, and overcrowding has been linked to poor productivity and potential poor heart health. 1. [202] It can be loaded with Travelcards and used on the Underground, the Overground, buses, trams, the Docklands Light Railway, and National Rail services within London. [286] Green pioneered using building design to guide passengers with direction signs on tiled walls, with the stations given a unique identity with patterns on the platform walls. Likewise, Southwark follows at 21m, Elephant & Castle at 18m, followed by Pimlico at 16m . [24] It was hailed as a success, carrying 38,000 passengers on the opening day, and borrowing trains from other railways to supplement the service. [321] Harold Hutchison became London Transport publicity officer in 1947, after the Second World War and nationalisation, and introduced the "pair poster", where an image on a poster was paired with text on another. Piccadilly line capacity could be increased by 60% with 33 trains per hour (tph) at peak times by 2025. Listed for each of the 273 stations are the lines serving it, local authority and the fare zone in which it is located,[note 1] the date it and any earlier main line service opened, previous names and passenger usage statistics in millions per year. Listed for each station is the line or lines serving it, the local authority and London Travelcard zone in which it is located, the date it opened, previous names and passenger usage statistics in millions per year.. [225], Night Tube services were suspended in March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Search for Tube station or line (e.g. This London Underground Stations quiz is designed to test London's biggest transport fanatics. [11] In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, and there are only 33 stations south of the River Thames. . In recent years, the stations of the 1990s Jubilee Line Extension were designed in a high-tech style by architects such as Norman Foster and Michael Hopkins. [91] In 2019[update], over 12 million Oyster cards and 35 million contactless cards were used, generating around 5bn in ticketing revenue. [219] Some lines are occasionally closed for scheduled engineering work at weekends. These would be used to increase frequencies and cover the Battersea extension on the Northern line.[183]. Two people have been stabbed just outside a crowded Tube station in West London in broad daylight. [162] The EE network has also recently released a WiFi calling feature available on the iPhone. [235][130], During peak hours, stations can get so crowded that they need to be closed. 191 trains have been introduced: 58 for the Metropolitan line and 133 for the Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines. The London Underground presently has 270 stations. [37] The Metropolitan even encouraged beards for staff to act as an air filter. 4 Northern line - 58km. [276] Crossrail will also be identified with a roundel. [78] One person operation had been planned in 1968, but conflict with the trade unions delayed introduction until the 1980s. [36], While steam locomotives were in use on the Underground there were contrasting health reports. Travel tools; [335], The London Underground provides busking permits for up to 39 pitches across 25 central London stations, with over 100,000 hours of live music performed each year. [59] Following bombing in 1940, passenger services over the West London line were suspended, leaving Olympia exhibition centre without a railway service until a District line shuttle from Earl's Court began after the war. The 11 new stations were designed to be "Future-proof", with wide passageways, large quantities of escalators and lifts, and emergency exits. The District, needing to raise the finance necessary, found an investor in the American Charles Yerkes who favoured a DC system similar to that in use on the City & South London and Central London railways. As of 2021, the record for fastest completion was held by Steve Wilson (UK) and Andi James (Finland), who completed the challenge in 15 hours, 45 minutes and 38 seconds on 21 May 2015. [135][136] The main purpose of the London Underground's ventilation fans is to extract hot air from the tunnels,[132] and fans across the network are being refurbished, although complaints of noise from local residents preclude their use at full power at night. Devised in 1933 by Harry Beck, the London Underground map is a 20th-century design classic. [108] Trains generally run on the left-hand track. Today, London Underground delivers approximately 2.5 billion passenger journeys annually on 11 lines, from 272 stations. 3. [323] Today, commissions range from the pocket tube map cover, to temporary art pieces, to large scale permanent installations in stations. In early 2014 the Bakerloo, Central, Piccadilly and Waterloo & City line rolling-stock replacement project was renamed New Tube for London (NTfL) and moved from the feasibility stage to the design and specification stage. Blind Ultimate Minefield: Europe. The Metropolitan line operates express services, known as "fast" or "semi-fast", which do not stop at certain stations, thus decreasing total travelling time and increasing capacity. Estimated to cost between 4.7bn to 7.9bn (in 2017 prices), the extension would take around 7 years to construct. [318], The Johnston Sans letter font began appearing on posters from 1917. Its first section opened in 1863, making it the oldest underground metro system in the world. The two Paddington stations operate as a combined station with shared usage statistics. [22] To prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1855 in Kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to London. Part of the Greater London Authority, the TfL Board is appointed by the Mayor of London, who also sets the structure and level of public transport fares in London. [247] A special staff training facility was opened at West Ashfield tube station in TFL's Ashfield House, West Kensington in 2010 at a cost of 800,000. [240], Compared with 200304, the reliability of the network had increased in 201011, with lost customer hours reduced from 54million to 40million. The first line to operate underground electric traction trains, the City & South London Railway in 1890, is now part of the Northern line. [203] Fares for single journeys are cheaper than paper tickets, and a daily cap limits the total cost in a day to the price of a Day Travelcard. It has been shown as two separate stations at different times in the past. [142] Often, electronic signs have their flat surface at right angles to the main air flow, causing choked flow. When the Bakerloo line opened in 1906, it was advertised with a maximum temperature of 60F (16C), but over time the tube tunnels have warmed up. [13] The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 and Oyster card, a contactless ticketing system, in 2003. [93] This record was subsequently beaten in later years, with 4.82 million riders in December 2015. [157] It was not previously possible to use mobile phones on most parts of the Underground (excluding services running overground or occasionally sub-surface, depending on the phone and carrier) using native 2G, 3G or 4G networks, and a project to extend coverage before the 2012 Olympics was abandoned because of commercial and technical difficulties. London tram workers queue up for their pay at the tram subway in Kingsway, High Holborn on April 7 1930. Here are the most magnificent Tube stations on the London Underground. The buildings had metal lettering attached to pale walls. Two people are stabbed outside Harlesden Tube station: Police rush to the scene and Bakerloo line is part-suspended. [106], London Underground's eleven lines total 402 kilometres (250mi) in length,[1] making it the seventh longest metro system in the world. [253], Early maps of the Metropolitan and District railways were city maps with the lines superimposed,[254] and the District published a pocket map in 1897. [249] Most platforms at deep tube stations have pits, often referred to as 'suicide pits', beneath the track. 1869. The trains have been replaced with 47 new higher-capacity 2009-stock trains. This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled walkthrough trains and a new automatic signalling system. [45], A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs, incorporating the first bullseye symbol,[37] outside stations in Central London. Until 1994 the Waterloo & City line was operated by British Rail and its predecessors. Westminster Picture: Alamy Admit it: every time you change at Westminster from the Circle line to the Jubilee. The first trains run from about 05:00 and the last trains until just after 01:00, with later starting times on Sunday mornings. 4. The study had showed that, with new generation trains and re-signalling: The project is estimated to cost 16.42 billion (9.86billion at 2013 prices). [98][100] By increasing rail capacity, the line aims to reduce overcrowding on the Tube and cut cross-London journey times. London Tube Lines Bakerloo Line The Bakerloo Line runs from Harrow & Wealdstone in north west London to Elephant & Castle south of the River Thames and is colour-coded brown on tube maps. Popular legends about the Underground being haunted persist to this day. [248], In November 2011 it was reported that 80 people had died by suicide in the previous year on the London Underground, up from 46 in 2000. The entire Victoria line was suspended from 7am, before . The Bakerloo, Central, Jubilee, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria and Waterloo & City lines are deep-level tubes, with smaller trains that run in two circular tunnels (tubes) with a diameter about 11feet 8inches (3.56m). London Tube line suspended after horror double stabbing by station in broad daylight Two people have been stabbed outside of an Underground station in north west London. [132] Temperatures of 117F (47C) were reported in the 2006 European heat wave. Tube stations were used as air-raid shelters during . [12], The early tube lines, originally owned by several private companies, were brought together under the Underground brand in the early 20th century, and eventually merged along with the sub-surface lines and bus services in 1933 to form London Transport under the control of the London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB). Use our travel tools to check your travel. The Carr-Edwards report, published in 1938 as possibly the first attempt at a graphics standards manual, introduced stricter guidelines. [205] In March 2012 the cost of this in the previous year to travellers was 66.5million. Updated: August 2022. Bank and Monument operate as a combined station with shared usage statistics. [308] Johnston was adopted systemwide after the formation of the LPTB in 1933 and the LT wordmark was applied to locomotives and carriages. [8] The network has expanded to 11 lines, and in 2020/21 was used for 296million passenger journeys,[3] making it one of the world's busiest metro systems. [310], Early advertising posters used various letter fonts. For the word puzzle clue of which london underground station is the most easterly on the district line, the Sporcle Puzzle Library found the following results.Explore more crossword clues and answers by clicking on the results or quizzes. Originally a joint Great Western and Metropolitan railways service, the line first appeared separately on the tube map in 1990. [322], Art on the Underground was launched in 2000 to revive London Underground as a patron of the arts. Stock on sub-surface lines is identified by a letter (such as S Stock, used on the Metropolitan line), while tube stock is identified by the year of intended introduction[131] (for example, 1996 Stock, used on the Jubilee line). [3] It is operated by Transport for London (TfL). There were many instances of passengers collapsing whilst travelling, due to heat and pollution, leading for calls to clean the air through the installation of garden plants. Some stations at the north-eastern end of the Central line are in the Epping Forest district of Essex and some stations at the north-western end of the Metropolitan line are in the Three Rivers and Watford districts of Hertfordshire, and Buckinghamshire. To enable this, ventilation, power supply and control and signalling systems will be adapted and modified to allow the increase in frequency. How many Tube line stations are there? Of these, five (Amersham, Chalfont & Latimer, Chesham, and Chorleywood on the Metropolitan line, and Epping on the Central line), are beyond the M25 London Orbital motorway. The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with the urban centre was proposed in the 1830s,[21] and the Metropolitan Railway was granted permission to build such a line in 1854. [313] The Central London Railway used colour illustrations in their 1905 poster,[314] and from 1908 the Underground Group, under Pick's direction, used images of country scenes, shopping and major events on posters to encourage use of the tube. Harry Potter fans will remember that the titular character has to find his way from the underground station to a secret . All Usage statistics (total entry plus exits) are in millions per year for 2021 , Video of every London Underground Station, Circle and Hammersmith & City lines station, Bakerloo, Circle and District lines station, List of former and unopened London Underground stations, List of busiest London Underground stations, London Underground stations that are listed buildings, "New Northern line stations open today as Tube extends to Battersea Power Station", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_London_Underground_stations&oldid=1132862226, Commercial Road: (Proposed before opening), Nightingale Lane: (Proposed before opening), Ilford North/Cranbrook: (Proposed before opening), King's Cross (Metropolitan line): 18631925, Cranbourn Street: (Proposed before opening), Lisson Grove/Marylebone: (Proposed before opening), King William Street: (Proposed before opening), Moorgate Street (Metropolitan line): 18651924, Seymour Street: (Proposed before opening), East Barnet/Merryhills: (Proposed before opening), Kennington Oval: (Proposed before opening), Paddington (Praed Street) (Circle line): 18681947, Ilford West/Red House: (Proposed before opening), Newgate Street: (Proposed before opening), Ducketts Green/Harringay: (Proposed before opening), Warrington Crescent: (Proposed before opening), Archway Tavern: (Proposed before opening), Arsenal (Highbury Hill): 1932 (suffix gradually dropped), Lombard Street (Northern line): (Proposed before opening), Bayswater (Queen's Road) & Westbourne Grove: 192333, Bayswater (Queensway): 1946 (suffix gradually dropped), Sheaves Hill/Orange Hill/Deansbrook: (Proposed before opening), Burnt Oak (Watling): 1928 (suffix gradually dropped), Chancery Lane (Grays Inn): 1934 (suffix gradually dropped), Trafalgar Square (Bakerloo line): 190679, Charing Cross (Strand) (Northern line): 191415, Charing Cross (Embankment) (Bakerloo & Northern lines): 191415, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 23:39. 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And Monument operate as a combined station with shared usage statistics ] Crossrail will also be with!, stations can get so crowded that they need to be closed [ 318 ], steam... Westminster from the Circle line to the main air flow, causing choked flow are stabbed outside Tube. Harlesden Tube station: Police rush to the Jubilee to be closed 7am, london underground line, with most stations, these completed... Graphics standards manual, introduced stricter guidelines being haunted persist to this day automatic. Of 20th century architecture from 7am, before [ 162 ] the Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 Oyster... Entire Victoria line was operated by london underground line, with most stations Rail and its predecessors prices ) the! And 133 for the Metropolitan even encouraged beards for staff to act as air. The previous year to travellers was 66.5million his way from the Underground being haunted persist this... 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